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What is considered normal and expected about the way people do things in a specific country is referred to as __________.


A) morals
B) ethics
C) values
D) customs
E) beliefs

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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Whirlpool recently asked the United States to impose __________ on washing machine imports made by LG Electronics and Samsung Electronics,both South Korean companies,to raise the price of these products.Whirlpool accused these companies of selling below fair market value and receiving anticompetitive export subsidies from their governments,both of which could jeopardize American jobs.


A) boycotts
B) quotas
C) sanctions
D) tariffs
E) embargoes

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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A firm's profit potential and control over marketing activities increases as it moves from exporting to direct investment as a global market-entry strategy.But so does the firm's


A) likelihood of long-term success.
B) financial commitment and risk.
C) vulnerability to political changes and doctrines.
D) need for a more educated workforce.
E) need for a larger workforce.

F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

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The trade feedback effect is one argument for


A) decreasing a nation's exports.
B) free trade agreements.
C) increased tariffs and quotas.
D) international trade associations.
E) decreasing a nation's imports.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Before Apple's iPhone 4S was officially for sale in China,it was being sold there.These phones were purchased in the United States and Australia,and then resold by unauthorized vendors in China for between $1,700 and $2,000.These products are considered to be part of


A) under the counter sales.
B) over the counter sales.
C) the gray market.
D) integrated global channels.
E) breaking the distribution monopoly.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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In Latvia,only one six-lane highway exists,connecting Riga,its capitol,with Moscow.Otherwise,the roads are two-lane and many are made of cobblestones or bricks.This limits the speed with which deliveries can be made and requires that delivery trucks be quite small.The road network in Latvia is an example of problems with a country's


A) capital improvements.
B) fixed-asset base.
C) geopolitical wealth.
D) asset wealth.
E) economic infrastructure.

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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A multidomestic marketing strategy refers to


A) the strategy of transnational firms that employ the practice of standardizing marketing activities when there are cultural similarities and adapting them when cultures differ.
B) the strategy used by firms that use the same product variations,brand names,and advertising programs for every country in which they do business.
C) the strategy used by firms that have as many different product variations,brand names,and advertising programs as countries in which they do business.
D) the strategy of seeking out already established firms in other nations and selling them the rights to manufacture and distribute the firm's products.
E) the strategy currently used by most U.S.domestic firms that when entering a new international market,these firms offer only those products that require the least amount of product adaptation.

F) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

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According to Michael Porter's diamond in Figure 7-2 above,quadrant "C" represents


A) factor conditions.
B) related and supporting industries.
C) demand conditions.
D) managerial conditions.
E) company strategy,structure,and rivalry.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

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According to Figure 7-5 above,points "A" and "D" would most likely represent __________ and __________ options respectively for entering the global marketplace.


A) joint venture;licensing
B) licensing;exporting
C) licensing;joint venture
D) direct investment;licensing
E) exporting;direct investment

F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

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If your primary motive was to raise prices on imports,would you use tariffs or quotas? Why would you want to do this?

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If your primary motive was to raise pric...

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Eastman Kodak accused Japanese rival Fuji Photo Film of selling photographic paper in the United States for 25 percent below what it charges in Japan.In other words,Eastman Kodak accused Fuji of __________.


A) tariff avoidance
B) countertrade
C) surplus marketing
D) dumping
E) underbidding

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Four trends in the past decade have significantly influenced the landscape of global marketing.One of them is


A) the rise of economic integration and free trade among nations.
B) an increase in economic protectionism and a decline in free trade.
C) a more aggressive attitude towards initiating international tariffs and quota systems.
D) a decrease in most countries' GDPs and a renewal of nationalism.
E) an increase in most countries' GDPs coupled with an increased degree of consumer ethnocentrism.

F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

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A small Canadian winery located in British Columbia has developed a superior tasting wine.It has no overseas contacts but wants to get its wine on the shelves in selected Asian and European markets where growth has been substantial in the last two years.What type of exporting option would best suit this company?


A) direct exporting
B) licensing
C) indirect exporting
D) joint venture
E) cooperative partnership

F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

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By skillfully using __________,global marketers can tie positive meanings to their products,services,and brands to enhance their attractiveness to consumers.


A) cultural symbols
B) visual icons
C) trademarks
D) brand names
E) ethnic emblems

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Which of the following statements most accuratELY describes the global perspective on world trade?


A) Exports are of significantly greater importance than imports.
B) Imports are of significantly greater importance than exports.
C) Imports and exports should be complementary economic flows: a country's imports affect its exports and exports affect its imports.
D) Exports and imports should always be kept in a state of equilibrium.
E) Imports and exports should be controlled through extensive use of international tariffs,quotas,and other and trade regulations.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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Generally speaking,a(n) __________ firm markets its existing products and services in other countries the same way it does in its home country.


A) meganational
B) international
C) multinational
D) transnational
E) intranational

F) None of the above
G) A) and C)

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Since global marketing is affected by economic considerations,a scan of the global marketplace should include which of the following factors?


A) recognition of a country's currency exchange rates
B) an analysis of cultural diversity within the country under consideration
C) regulatory constraints regarding contracts,mergers,and partnerships
D) an assessment of language differences including dialect variation
E) political and ideological differences between the countries involved

F) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

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Contracting with a foreign firm to assemble parts and components that have been shipped to that country is referred to as


A) direct exporting.
B) indirect exporting.
C) licensing.
D) contract manufacturing.
E) contract assembly.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Which of the following is an advantage inherent in the use of licensing?


A) The licensor retains control of its product.
B) The licensor is protected from creating a potential competitor.
C) It provides an exemption from domestic trade regulations.
D) There is an increase in potential profit compared with direct investment.
E) The licensee gains information about the dynamics of the market.

F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

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Define licensing,cite its advantages and disadvantages,and explain what franchising is.

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Licensing offers the right to a company ...

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