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Rewards that come from someone else in recognition of good work are _________ rewards.


A) conditional
B) self-actualized
C) extrinsic
D) secondary

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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A central characteristic of management by objectives is that:


A) goals are set by top management and followed without question by others within the organization.
B) employees are given complete freedom to set their own goals as long as they are consistent with broad guidelines established by top management.
C) goals are set through a process involving all members of the organization.
D) it assumes that management must motivate employees,since employees are incapable of motivating themselves.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following statements about cultural differences in the workplace is most accurate?


A) The best way to deal with cultural differences in the workplace is to treat everyone the same way.
B) Cultural differences were once a major problem,but television,telecommunications,e-mail,and the Internet have brought people closer together and greatly reduced cultural differences.
C) Managers must be very aware of cultural differences and recognize that different employees may respond best to different management and motivational styles.
D) Only firms that hire a lot of foreign-born employees are likely to have problems dealing with cultural differences.Employees born in the United States tend to have a common set of values and attitudes,regardless of age or social backgrounD.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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After a 3-year probationary period,career positions at Fairview Community College are fairly secure,even though the opportunity for promotion runs at a snail's pace (pretty slow).These jobs would probably appeal to people who currently work for Type A companies - similar to the way many companies operate in Silicon Valley.

A) True
B) False

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An important criterion that helps to determine the type of management style [Type A,J,or Z] that works best for firms is:


A) the education level of the workforce.
B) the marital and family status of the workforce.
C) the general culture that surrounds the firm.
D) the number of managers vs.the number of employees in the firm.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The Hawthorne studies concluded that worker motivation:


A) increased when managers applied the scientific management approach.
B) was most affected by monetary incentives.
C) improved when employees felt like their ideas were respected.
D) was mainly determined by physical working conditions such as lighting,temperature,and humidity.

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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___________ attempts to increase task efficiency by breaking down jobs into simple steps and assigning people to each of those steps.


A) Job simplification
B) Job segmentation
C) Task restriction
D) Roundabout production

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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According to the principles of scientific management,the best way to improve productivity is to:


A) give employees greater recognition for their efforts.
B) establish open two-way communications among all of the organization's employees and managers.
C) use time-motion studies to find the best method of doing each job,then teach those methods to employees.
D) use job rotation and job enlargement to make work more interesting and challenging.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Maslow was mainly concerned with explaining how:


A) jobs could be broken down into very simple tasks that could be performed by unskilled employees.
B) human motivation was related to a hierarchy of needs.
C) managerial assumptions about employees affected their style of management.
D) to achieve open two-way communication within an organization.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Elton Mayo conducted studies know as the Hawthorne Studies and became known as the father of scientific management.

A) True
B) False

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The characteristic of work that is concerned with the amount of direct and clear information employees receive about performance is called:


A) linkage.
B) feedback.
C) autonomy.
D) task significance.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Which of the following is a characteristic of Type J management?


A) Lifetime employment
B) Individual decision-making
C) Rapid evaluation and promotion of employees
D) Individual responsibility

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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The original goal of the Hawthorne studies was to determine:


A) the average IQ of production employees.
B) whether employees could work effectively in unsupervised teams.
C) the level of illumination that was associated with optimum productivity.
D) how to stimulate employees to be more creative.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Herzberg's research found that the factor that ranked highest as a motivator was:


A) the friendliness of supervisors.
B) a sense of achievement.
C) a compensation system that included bonuses and regular pay raises.
D) the presence of clear and consistent company rules and policies.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Theory Z emphasizes reliance on individual creativity and initiative rather than collective decision-making.

A) True
B) False

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Using job enrichment strategy,management can contribute to improved motivation and worker performance by primarily increasing employee pay.

A) True
B) False

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Paul Blocker is the offensive line coach for a well-known university football team.He wants his players to report to fall practice in good shape.Coach Blocker has set challenging fitness standards that the linemen should have no problem achieving if they work hard during the summer.He knows his players hate running wind sprints so to encourage them to workout during the summer he announced that any player who passes the fitness test at the beginning of fall practice will be allowed to skip sprints for the first two weeks of practice.Coach Blocker's approach to motivation is consistent with:


A) expectancy theory.
B) assessment theory.
C) scientific management.
D) the autonomous feedback principle.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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As part of their open communication strategy,management should reward upward communication,even if it is negative.

A) True
B) False

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According to Herzberg,the difference between motivators and hygiene factors is:


A) motivators cause persons to work smarter,while hygiene factors cause people to work harder.
B) hygiene factors make employees more enthusiastic about the work itself,whereas motivators make employees enthusiastic about how many hours they have to work and their next day off.
C) hygiene factors develop more loyalty from workers,while motivators make workers enthusiastic about moving on to a different company.
D) overall,motivators related to greater job satisfaction,while hygiene factors made the work place a satisfying place to thrive.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Hillary enjoys working with others to solve problems and make decisions,but is also able to assume individual responsibility.She prefers working for a company that takes a holistic view of its employees.These preferences suggest that Hillary might enjoy working at a company that uses a Theory Z approach to management.

A) True
B) False

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