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Exam 7: DNA Structure and Gene Function

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Question 21

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DNA genetic coding and cell regulation is now understood to be incredibly important to every cell among organisms, and is also associated with viruses. Through the early and mid 1900s, scientists developed new molecular analysis methods that changed the foundations of how we understand "life" to function. Normal health and homeostasis, as well as disease, and natural variations in form and function among organisms are now better understood. Medical and biological applications have increased dramatically with the understanding of DNA molecule structure, and it is helpful to have recognition of the scientists and sequence of events contributing to our understanding. -The scientist (scientists) who discovered that bacteria can transfer genetic information is (are)

A) Chargaff.
B) Griffith.
C) Wilkins and Franklin.
D) Watson and Crick.
E) Hershey and Chase.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

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Question 22

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DNA genetic coding and cell regulation is now understood to be incredibly important to every cell among organisms, and is also associated with viruses. Through the early and mid 1900s, scientists developed new molecular analysis methods that changed the foundations of how we understand "life" to function. Normal health and homeostasis, as well as disease, and natural variations in form and function among organisms are now better understood. Medical and biological applications have increased dramatically with the understanding of DNA molecule structure, and it is helpful to have recognition of the scientists and sequence of events contributing to our understanding. -The bacteria that Griffith experimented with were termed "R" and "S" bacteria because

A) of the way they grew on artificial media.
B) the R bacteria formed rough appearing colonies.
C) All of the answer choices are correct.
D) the S bacteria formed smooth appearing colonies.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Question 23

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DNA genetic coding and cell regulation is now understood to be incredibly important to every cell among organisms, and is also associated with viruses. Through the early and mid 1900s, scientists developed new molecular analysis methods that changed the foundations of how we understand "life" to function. Normal health and homeostasis, as well as disease, and natural variations in form and function among organisms are now better understood. Medical and biological applications have increased dramatically with the understanding of DNA molecule structure, and it is helpful to have recognition of the scientists and sequence of events contributing to our understanding. -The twisted ladder shape of DNA is a result of the covalently bonded building blocks called

Based just on what is known about FOXP2,could Neandertals speak?

A group of prokaryotic genes that are controlled together is a(n)

The Human Genome Project is a multinational project that reported complete identification of more than 20,000 genes in human DNA. Growing understanding has associated "normal" and naturally variable versions of the genes, producing specific proteins for human health and cell functions. Numerous mutated versions of the genes have been associated with particular human health problems and disease, due to the types of cells where mutations occur, the specific genes affected, and the type and extent of mutation. In these cases, the structure and function of proteins is ultimately impacted. Examine these examples to apply your knowledge of mutations to the descriptions provided. -Which of the following is not a common cause of mutation?

The Human Genome Project is a multinational project that reported complete identification of more than 20,000 genes in human DNA. Growing understanding has associated "normal" and naturally variable versions of the genes, producing specific proteins for human health and cell functions. Numerous mutated versions of the genes have been associated with particular human health problems and disease, due to the types of cells where mutations occur, the specific genes affected, and the type and extent of mutation. In these cases, the structure and function of proteins is ultimately impacted. Examine these examples to apply your knowledge of mutations to the descriptions provided. -The COL1A1 gene in humans is responsible for producing collagens in healthy bone and cartilage.A mutation in COL1A1 is known to cause severe Osteogenesis Imperfecta,which is also known as "brittle bone disease," in which bones form irregularly and can break often,with even mild pressure and impacts.The mutation occurs as a "nonsense" mutation,dramatically shortening the proteins,occurring because the

Figuer: -Using the genetic code shown here,predict what type of mutation has occurred in the hemoglobin sickle cell anemia allele. Normal allele 5'-GGAAUGAAACAGGAACCC-3' Mutant allele 5'-GGAAUGAAACAGGUACCC-3'

DNA genetic coding and cell regulation is now understood to be incredibly important to every cell among organisms, and is also associated with viruses. Through the early and mid 1900s, scientists developed new molecular analysis methods that changed the foundations of how we understand "life" to function. Normal health and homeostasis, as well as disease, and natural variations in form and function among organisms are now better understood. Medical and biological applications have increased dramatically with the understanding of DNA molecule structure, and it is helpful to have recognition of the scientists and sequence of events contributing to our understanding. -The scientist (scientists) who used X-ray diffraction to help reveal the geometric structure of DNA is (are)

Which mutation in DNA would lead to the change of a single amino acid in a protein?

How can a single gene encode for more than one protein?

The process used by cells to convert the mRNA "message" into a sequence of amino acids is

In the bacterium E.coli,in the absence of lactose,a repressor protein binds to the operator region of the DNA,preventing the transcription of the genes of the lactose operon.

In eukaryotic cells gene expression may be controlled by not allowing mRNA to leave the nucleus.

In the Lac operon,the protein that binds to the operator to prevent transcription is

Figuer: -What type of mutation has occurred in the following? Normal allele 5'-GGAAUGAAACAGGAACCC-3' Mutant allele 5'-GGAAUGAAAUCAGGAACCC-3'

DNA genetic coding and cell regulation is now understood to be incredibly important to every cell among organisms, and is also associated with viruses. Through the early and mid 1900s, scientists developed new molecular analysis methods that changed the foundations of how we understand "life" to function. Normal health and homeostasis, as well as disease, and natural variations in form and function among organisms are now better understood. Medical and biological applications have increased dramatically with the understanding of DNA molecule structure, and it is helpful to have recognition of the scientists and sequence of events contributing to our understanding. -The scientist (scientists) who confirmed DNA was the genetic information by working with bacteria that infect viruses is (are)

The observation that all races of humans have the same FOXP2 allele is evidence that ____ favored this allele.

Because clindamycin and similar antibiotics bind to bacterial ribosomes,they work by inhibiting translation in the bacterial cells.

Treating a solution from S strain Streptococcus pneumoniae with an enzyme that destroys ____ would prevent it from transforming type R bacteria into a form that would cause pneumonia in mice.