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Which PCR step causes the denaturation of double-stranded DNA?


A) add DNA polymerase and nucleotides at 72°C
B) cool DNA to between 50°C and 65°C
C) add primers
D) heat target DNA to 94°C
E) repeat the cycle of heating and cooling

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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DNA strands can be clipped crosswise at selected positions by using enzymes called


A) palindromes.
B) reverse transcriptase.
C) restriction endonucleases.
D) ligases.
E) DNA polymerases.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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Which of the following is a serious concern when performing PCR?


A) high temperature needed may denature the DNA
B) restriction enzymes are difficult to obtain in adequate quantities
C) introduction and amplification of contaminating DNA
D) exposure to radiation by the lab personnel
E) it is a very time consuming process

F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

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The use of an organism's biochemical processes to create a product is


A) genetic engineering.
B) biotechnology.
C) recombinant DNA.
D) gel electrophoresis.
E) gene probes.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Transgenic animals


A) can be engineered to become factories for manufacturing proteins.
B) are often obtained from germ line engineering.
C) will pass the genes on to their offspring.
D) commonly include mice.
E) All of the choices are correct.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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