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Selective exposure is most likely to occur during which stage of the consumer decision process?


A) information search
B) purchase decision
C) alternative evaluation
D) postpurchase behavior
E) problem recognition

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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People to whom an individual looks as a basis for self-appraisal or as a source of personal standards are referred to as


A) action-oriented consumers.
B) principle-oriented consumers.
C) opinion leaders.
D) social classes.
E) reference groups.

F) None of the above
G) C) and D)

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Scanning your memory for previous experiences with products or brands is called


A) postpurchase behavior.
B) alternative evaluation.
C) cognitive dissonance.
D) internal search.
E) external search.

F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

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Which of the following statements about African-American buying patterns is most accurate?


A) African-Americans spend more on products for girls, especially in terms of clothing.
B) Differences in buying patterns are less within the African-American subculture than between African-Americans and Caucasians of similar status.
C) While African-Americans are not especially price conscious, they are strongly motivated by quality and choice.
D) Adult African-Americans spend half as much on online services.
E) When socioeconomic status differences between African Americans and Caucasians are removed, there are more similarities than differences.

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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The Ford Escape uses hybrid fuel technology to deliver more power, convenience, prestige, and fuel economy.These criteria would be used in which stage of the consumer purchase decision process for an automobile?


A) problem recognition
B) needs analysis
C) purchase decision
D) information search
E) postpurchase evaluation

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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A reference group that a person wishes to maintain distance from because of differences in values or behaviors is referred to as a(n) __________ group.


A) primary reference
B) membership
C) aspiration
D) dissociative
E) integrated

F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

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Pepsi-Cola made "freshness" an important product attribute when it stamped freshness dates on its cans.Prior to doing so, few consumers considered cola freshness an issue.Pepsi is trying to change consumer's attitudes toward Pepsi by


A) changing beliefs about the extent to which a brand has a specific attribute.
B) changing the perceived importance of a specific attribute.
C) adding a new attribute.
D) reducing perceived risk.
E) providing stimulus generalization.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

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Consumer behavior that results from consumer socialization, passage through the family life cycle, and decision-making within the family or household is referred to as __________ influence.


A) functional
B) demographic
C) family
D) social
E) personal

F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

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In the VALS system, consumers with the least resources of any segment, focus on meeting basic needs (safety and security) rather than fulfilling desires are __________.


A) strivers
B) believers
C) have nots
D) survivors
E) hopefuls

F) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

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FIGURE 5-1 FIGURE 5-1   -Figure 5-1 above represents the five stages of the purchase decision process.Cell  B  represents the A) Information search. B) Problem recognition. C) Alternative evaluation. D) Purchase decision. E) Postpurchase behavior. -Figure 5-1 above represents the five stages of the purchase decision process.Cell "B" represents the


A) Information search.
B) Problem recognition.
C) Alternative evaluation.
D) Purchase decision.
E) Postpurchase behavior.

F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

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Name the five situational influences that affect our purchase decision processes.

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Situational influences include...

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Which of the following statements about how women buy cars today is most accurate?


A) Women are more concerned with features that would help survive an accident; men are more concerned with features that would help avoid an accident.
B) Women have definite likes or dislikes when buying a car, but they don't feel comfortable expressing their opinions.
C) When it comes to the actual purchase process, women are much more adept negotiators than men.
D) Women care more about exterior styles and lines and men are more concerned with cargo space and gas mileage.
E) Women usually shop three dealerships before making a decision, and men usually only shop two.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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BMW StreetCarver is a skateboard that features BMW's technology in its wheel suspension, which stabilizes the board's sleek design and allows for greater control around sharp curves.BMW is concerned with making sure its skateboard is in the consideration set of potential skateboard buyers.In this case, it most likely should focus on


A) reducing the postpurchase dissatisfaction that may result from purchasing its product.
B) making sure its advertisements get on the air during sporting events such as exhibition skateboarding.
C) making appeals directed towards motivational ego needs.
D) explaining the importance of sleek design as an attribute so the StreetCarver becomes part of a skateboarder's consideration set.
E) creating personality profiles for skateboarders.

F) B) and C)
G) All of the above

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When the state of Virginia touts the slogan "Virginia is for Lovers," they are trying to appeal to people's __________ in order to attract them as potential residents and/or part of its workforce.


A) self-concept
B) self-evaluation
C) aspirations
D) individualized perception
E) personal perception

F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Marketers recognize that people have an actual self-concept and __________.


A) a view of self determined by their peers
B) a view of self determined by their family
C) a negative self-concept
D) an ideal self-concept
E) an evolving self-concept

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

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The objective and subjective attributes of a brand consumers use to compare different products and brands are referred to as


A) temporal states.
B) antecedent states.
C) information sources.
D) evaluative criteria.
E) the consideration set.

F) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

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Which of the following statements concerning evaluative criteria is most accurate?


A) Even if the alternatives in a person's consideration set don't really satisfy them, people are not willing to continue the search.
B) Consumers often have several criteria for evaluating products.
C) Evaluative criteria represent objective rather than subjective attributes.
D) Evaluative criteria represent subjective rather than objective attributes.
E) Ultimately, the most important evaluative criteria is price.

F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

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In the hierarchy of needs water, food, and oxygen would be considered __________ needs.


A) physiological
B) safety
C) social
D) personal
E) psychological

F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

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The energizing force that stimulates behavior to satisfy a need is referred to as


A) selective perception
B) antecedent state
C) motivation
D) cognitive dissonance
E) perception

F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

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Consumers motivated by ideals are guided by knowledge and principle.__________ are conservative, conventional people with concrete beliefs based on traditional, established codes: family, religion, community, and the nation.


A) Thinkers
B) Believers
C) Achievers
D) Strivers
E) Makers

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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