Question 1

Select the statement that most accurately describes the action of antimicrobial drugs today.

Accepted Answer

A)   Antiviral drug treatment is more effective than vaccination against a viral disease.
B)   Effective antiviral drugs have a long history of development and use.
C)   Antiviral drugs often result in toxic side effects due to their inhibition of host cell activity.
D)   The development of antiviral drug resistance has not been observed, as compared to the high rate of antibiotic resistance seen today.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

A treatment for bacterial infections from the early 20th century has made a comeback; the use of bacterial viruses to eliminate bacterial infections.Which explanation most accurately describes the mechanism of action behind this treatment?

Accepted Answer

A)   A wide variety of bacteria cause a large percentage of human infections, producing much sickness and death.
B)   Viruses can infect bacteria, transferring pathogenic genes. The viral genes can then be suppressed, causing the bacteria to not replicate viruses.
C)   The attachment structures on the virus and the receptors on the host cells make for exquisite specificity of viruses for particular bacterial species.
D)   Antibiotic resistance in humans is on the increase, so using a different kind of therapy is more beneficial.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Viruses ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   cannot be seen in a light microscope
B)   are prokaryotic
C)   contain 70S ribosomes
D)   undergo binary fissionE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 4

Viruses with _____-sense RNA contain the correct message for translation,while viruses with _____-sense RNA must first be converted into a correct message.

Accepted Answer

A)   positive; negative
B)   negative; positive
C)   primary; secondary
D)   secondary; primary
E)   intermediate; primaryF) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 5

Viruses are considered ultramicroscopic because they range in size from 2 mm to 450 mm.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

When a bacterium acquires a trait from its temperate phage,it is called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   transformation
B)   lysogenic conversion
C)   viral persistence
D)   transcription
E)   translationF) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 7

Viruses are simple,noncellular,and lack mRNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

You are working in a laboratory that is studying a newly isolated virus.Your job is to culture the virus using in vitro methods.Upon observing your inoculated tissue culture specimen one day,you notice clumps of cells growing on top of the original monolayer of cells.Microscopic analysis of stained cells from the culture reveal an alteration in host cell membrane protein content and chromosomal structure.Based upon this information,you hypothesize that the virus you are studying is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   a bacteriophage
B)   a prion
C)   a viroid
D)   an oncovirus
E)   a satellite virusF) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 9

Viral growth in bird embryos can cause discrete,opaque spots in the embryonic membranes called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   patches
B)   buds
C)   plaques
D)   cytopathic effects
E)   pocksF) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 10

New,nonenveloped virus release occurs by ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   lysis
B)   budding
C)   exocytosis
D)   both lysis and budding
E)   both budding and exocytosisF) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 11

Viruses are not filterable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

In order to synthesize proteins,a virus with a genome comprised of single-stranded negative-sense RNA

Accepted Answer

A)   can directly translate its negative-sense RNA strand into proteins.
B)   must use reverse transcriptase to make a negative-sense DNA strand first.
C)   must use DNA polymerase to make a positive-sense DNA strand first.
D)   must use its negative-sense strand as a template to make a positive-sense RNA.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 13

Infectious protein particles are called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   viroids
B)   phages
C)   prions
D)   oncogenic viruses
E)   spikesF) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 14

Two noncellular agents,smaller than viruses,are infectious proteins called _____ and infectious RNA strands called _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   prions; capsomeres
B)   virions; prions
C)   viroids; phages
D)   prions; phages
E)   prions; viroidsF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 15

In general,most DNA viruses multiply in the host cell's _____,while most RNA viruses multiply in the host cell's _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   nucleus; cytoplasm
B)   cytoplasm; cell membrane
C)   cell membrane; cytoplasm
D)   cytoplasm; nucleus
E)   nucleus; endoplasmic reticulumF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 16

Which of the following represents a virus family name?

Accepted Answer

A)   Herpes simplex virus
B)   Herpesviridae
C)   Picornavirus
D)   Enterovirus
E)   Hepatitis B virusF) D) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 17

Uncoating of viral nucleic acid

Accepted Answer

A)   does not occur in bacteriophage multiplication.
B)   involves enzymatic destruction of the capsid.
C)   occurs during penetration in the multiplication cycle.
D)   occurs before replication.
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 18

Why do some animal viruses have an external envelope,while bacteriophages never do?

Accepted Answer

A)   Some animal viruses bud out, taking part of the plasma membrane with them, whereas phages always lyse the host bacterial cell when they exit.
B)   When bacteriophages bud out, the plasma membrane is beneath the cell wall and therefore cannot be removed.
C)   When animal cells are lysed, part of the plasma membrane attaches to the virus; in bacterial cells, it is covered by the cell wall.
D)   When phages bud out of the host bacterial cell, they take with them part of the cell wall which forms the capsid, not an envelope.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a transformed cell?

Accepted Answer

A)   Viral nucleic acid integrated into host DNA
B)   Decreased growth rate
C)   Alterations in chromosomes
D)   Changes in cell surface molecules
E)   Capacity to divide indefinitelyF) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 20

A/an _____ is the protein shell around the nucleic acid core of a virus.

Accepted Answer

A)   capsomere
B)   capsid
C)   spike
D)   envelope
E)   monolayerF) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Exam 6: An Introduction to the Viruses

A/an _____ is the protein shell around the nucleic acid core of a virus.

Correct Answer
verified

Viruses ______.

Correct Answer
verified

When a bacterium acquires a trait from its temperate phage,it is called ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following represents a virus family name?

Correct Answer
verified

Viruses are simple,noncellular,and lack mRNA.

Correct Answer
verified

Infectious protein particles are called ______.

Correct Answer
verified

A treatment for bacterial infections from the early 20th century has made a comeback; the use of bacterial viruses to eliminate bacterial infections.Which explanation most accurately describes the mechanism of action behind this treatment?

Correct Answer
verified

In general,most DNA viruses multiply in the host cell's _,while most RNA viruses multiply in the host cell's _.

Correct Answer
verified

New,nonenveloped virus release occurs by ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Viruses with _-sense RNA contain the correct message for translation,while viruses with _-sense RNA must first be converted into a correct message.

Correct Answer
verified

Viral growth in bird embryos can cause discrete,opaque spots in the embryonic membranes called ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Why do some animal viruses have an external envelope,while bacteriophages never do?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Viruses are not filterable.

Correct Answer
verified

Two noncellular agents,smaller than viruses,are infectious proteins called _ and infectious RNA strands called _.

Correct Answer
verified

In order to synthesize proteins,a virus with a genome comprised of single-stranded negative-sense RNA

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a transformed cell?

Correct Answer
verified

Select the statement that most accurately describes the action of antimicrobial drugs today.

Correct Answer
verified

Viruses are considered ultramicroscopic because they range in size from 2 mm to 450 mm.

Correct Answer
verified

Uncoating of viral nucleic acid

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 6: An Introduction to the Viruses

A/an _____ is the protein shell around the nucleic acid core of a virus.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Viruses ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a bacterium acquires a trait from its temperate phage,it is called ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following represents a virus family name?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Viruses are simple,noncellular,and lack mRNA.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Infectious protein particles are called ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A treatment for bacterial infections from the early 20th century has made a comeback; the use of bacterial viruses to eliminate bacterial infections.Which explanation most accurately describes the mechanism of action behind this treatment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In general,most DNA viruses multiply in the host cell's _____,while most RNA viruses multiply in the host cell's _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

New,nonenveloped virus release occurs by ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Viruses with _____-sense RNA contain the correct message for translation,while viruses with _____-sense RNA must first be converted into a correct message.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Viral growth in bird embryos can cause discrete,opaque spots in the embryonic membranes called ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why do some animal viruses have an external envelope,while bacteriophages never do?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Viruses are not filterable.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two noncellular agents,smaller than viruses,are infectious proteins called _____ and infectious RNA strands called _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In order to synthesize proteins,a virus with a genome comprised of single-stranded negative-sense RNA

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a transformed cell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Select the statement that most accurately describes the action of antimicrobial drugs today.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Viruses are considered ultramicroscopic because they range in size from 2 mm to 450 mm.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Uncoating of viral nucleic acid

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

In general,most DNA viruses multiply in the host cell's _,while most RNA viruses multiply in the host cell's _.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Viruses with _-sense RNA contain the correct message for translation,while viruses with _-sense RNA must first be converted into a correct message.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Two noncellular agents,smaller than viruses,are infectious proteins called _ and infectious RNA strands called _.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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