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__________theory suggests that humans are less animalistic than Skinnerian school of thought has suggested. It argues that we can delay gratification and dispense our own rewards or punishment. So, we have more choice over how we react to stimuli.


A) Psychoanalytic
B) Social learning
C) Cognitive development
D) Operant conditioning

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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Skin Whitening Lotion sold particularly in Southeast Asian markets is an example of the adaptation of the product to the __________.


A) status-seeking image
B) lifecycle
C) ethnic groups
D) lifestyle

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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As the perceived risk (the likelihood of making a mistake) involved in buying a product increases, so does the post purchase likelihood of:


A) cognitive dissonance.
B) post-purchase analysis.
C) evaluative dissonance.
D) affective distress.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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A

when we want to sell our old car or our house we are much more likely to demand an unrealistic value which is far higher than what buyers would consider acceptable. This is an example of:


A) Sunk-cost fallacy.
B) Dunning-Kruger effect
C) Anchoring.
D) Endowment effect.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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Bollywood cinema aimed at audiences in the Indian sub-continent and at diaspora around the world, using strong love and ethical themes, and a musical format, is an example of:


A) Social grade.
B) Group influence.
C) Lifestyle.
D) Ethnic marketing.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Values are _____________, i.e. they are linked to our motivations and behaviour.


A) conative
B) cognitive
C) affective
D) attitude-based

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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A consumer opinion is much less susceptible to groups and social influence than their values, as values are relatively unstable positions that people take in relation to an issue or assessment of something.

A) True
B) False

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Opinions are cognitive (i.e. based on thoughts).

A) True
B) False

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True

imagine that, after having repaired your old car three times in the last few months for similar faults, you now face the choice of spending money yet again for a further repair or buy a new vehicle. What behavioural bias will likely push you toward a further repair as you will have the feeling otherwise that all previous efforts were in vain?


A) Sunk-cost fallacy.
B) Dunning-Kruger effect
C) Anchoring.
D) Endowment effect.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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System 1 thinking leads to fast, instantaneous, and intuitive reactions; System 2 thinking is responsible for deliberate thought processes and analytical thinking (Kahneman, 2011).

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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A variety of memorization processes affect consumer choice. The information-processing task in transferring data from short-term to long-term memory differs for ________(two to five seconds) and _________ (five to ten seconds) .


A) conatives and load processing effect
B) opinions and context
C) recognition and recall
D) coding and storage

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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In marketing, the term ____________ refers to a system of classification of consumers based on their socio-economic grouping:


A) lifestyle
B) lifecycle
C) ethnic group
D) social grade

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Personality can be defined as that aspect of our psyche that determines the way in which we respond to our environment in a relatively stable way over time.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Confirmation bias is defined as the tendency to recall and favor information that is aligned with and supports previously held beliefs and values.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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in all negotiations people are going to be very influenced by the first information presented. This behavioural bias refer to as:


A) Sunk-cost fallacy.
B) Dunning-Kruger effect
C) Anchoring.
D) Endowment effect.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Behaviour is brought about by our intention to act in a certain way. This intention to act is affected by the attitude a subject has towards a particular behaviour, encompassing the degree to which a person has favourable or unfavourable evaluations or appraisals of the behaviour in question. This refers to the Theory of Planned Behaviour.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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_______________ is the cognitive impression that is formed of 'reality' which in turn influences the individual's actions and behaviour toward that object.


A) Perception
B) Learning
C) Opinion
D) Memory

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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A

People are likely to buy products and services that they believe will move them closer to their own _____.


A) celebrity
B) self-concept
C) looking-glass self
D) habit

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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Providing free samples of perfumes (scent) in magazines is an example of which of the following?


A) Operant conditioning
B) Classical conditioning.
C) Social learning.
D) Behavioural

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Extrinsic reasons for purchase can be subdivided into five categories. Which of the following is NOT one of the categories?


A) Technical
B) Ecological
C) Economic
D) Adaptive

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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