Question 1

What type of test will detect whole antigens?

Accepted Answer

A)   Cross reaction
B)   Agglutination
C)   Precipitation
D)   Specificity
E)   SensitivityF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 2

The Western blot test is confirmatory for HIV because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   it is more sensitive than the ELISA
B)   it has fewer false positives than the ELISA
C)   it tests for more HIV antibodies than ELISA
D)   it is easier to interpret than ELISA
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) None of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 3

A positive indirect ELISA result requires ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   one known antibody, one unknown antibody, and an unknown antigen
B)   a known antigen, an unknown antibody, and a known antibody
C)   two known antibodies and one known antigen
D)   two known antibodies and one unknown antigen
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 4

Serological tests should have low sensitivity and specificity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The tuberculin test is an example of an in vitro serological test.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 6

The Weil-Felix test is used for diagnosing salmonellosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The patient reports that he had a negative HIV PCR test about a month ago. What is the most appropriate interpretation of this information by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

A)   PCRs are rarely accurate.
B)   The ELISA was a false-positive.
C)   It is possible the ELISA was a false-positive, and the Western blot must be performed to confirm the results.
D)   The HIV PCR is outdated and does not pick up modern strains of the virus.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Biochemical tests include all of the following except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   presence of catalase
B)   presence of oxidase
C)   colony morphology
D)   sugar fermentation
E)   gas productionF) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 9

Soluble antigens are detected in this type of test.

Accepted Answer

A)   Cross reactions
B)   Agglutination
C)   Precipitation
D)   Specificity
E)   SensitivityF) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 10

Which test is the confirming test for people who initially tested antibody-positive in the screening ELISA test for HIV?

Accepted Answer

A)   Immunochromatography
B)   Western blot
C)   Immunelectrophoresis
D)   Radioimmunoassay (RI
A)  
E)   Weil-FelixF) B) and E)
G) A) and B) B

Question 11

When minute samples of DNA need to be genetically analyzed for identification purposes, which test can be effectively used?

Accepted Answer

A)   Direct fluorescence antibody
B)   Immunofluorescence
C)   Weil-Felix reaction
D)   PCR
E)   Direct antigen reactionF) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 12

Immunologic methods of identifying microorganisms in a patient sample are characterized as those that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   rely on the specificity of antibodies to target a single antigen
B)   directly examine the organism's appearance or behavior, which includes its metabolic abilities, environmental preferences and drug susceptibilities
C)   analyze the genetic makeup of the microorganism, which conclusively diagnoses the infection
D)   amplifies the microbial DNA in the patient's sample and during the process, identifies the organism through the use of known primersE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 13

In vivo testing is useful for diagnosing ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   tuberculosis
B)   rubella virus
C)   hepatitis A
D)   HIV
E)   whooping coughF) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 14

Which sample is not typically collected by sterile needle aspiration?

Accepted Answer

A)   Blood
B)   Urine
C)   Cerebrospinal fluid
D)   Tissue fluids
E)   All of the choices are collected by sterile needle aspiration.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 15

Animals are required for the cultivation of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   Treponema pallidum
B)   Pseudomonas
C)   Streptococcus
D)   Salmonella
E)   ClostridiumF) C) and E)
G) A) and D) A

Question 16

Antibody testing requires ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   a known antigen
B)   a known antibody
C)   both a known antigen and a known antibody
D)   either a known antigen or a known antibodyE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 17

Which test is especially good for bacteria that are not readily cultivated in the lab?

Accepted Answer

A)   Gram stain
B)   Direct antigen testing
C)   Dichotomous key
D)   Direct fluorescence antibody (DF
A)   testing
E)   Phage testF) None of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 18

Analysis of the laboratory samples yield a diagnosis of herpes simplex virus. The patient's mother is upset, as she does not believe her son is sexually active. The nurse explains that the presence of HSV does not imply sexual contact and provides education about the accuracy of the results. Which of the following is the best rationale for confidence in the diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Signs and symptoms are diagnostic.
B)   PCR tests are highly sensitive and specific.
C)   The Gram stain is an excellent screen for HSV.
D)   HSV can be definitively identified by light microscopy.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 19

A positive serological test for tuberculosis indicates that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   the patient has active tuberculosis
B)   the patient is an asymptomatic carrier of tuberculosis
C)   the patient has been exposed to tuberculosis
D)   All of the choices are correct.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 20

When antibodies or other substances in serum cross-react with the test reagents, a false positive result can occur.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 15: Diagnosing Infections

What type of test will detect whole antigens?

Correct Answer
verified

The Western blot test is confirmatory for HIV because ________.

Correct Answer
verified

A positive indirect ELISA result requires ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Serological tests should have low sensitivity and specificity.

Correct Answer
verified

The tuberculin test is an example of an in vitro serological test.

Correct Answer
verified
False

The Weil-Felix test is used for diagnosing salmonellosis.

Correct Answer
verified

The patient reports that he had a negative HIV PCR test about a month ago. What is the most appropriate interpretation of this information by the nurse?

Correct Answer
verified

Biochemical tests include all of the following except ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Soluble antigens are detected in this type of test.

Correct Answer
verified

Which test is the confirming test for people who initially tested antibody-positive in the screening ELISA test for HIV?

Correct Answer
verified
B

When minute samples of DNA need to be genetically analyzed for identification purposes, which test can be effectively used?

Correct Answer
verified

Immunologic methods of identifying microorganisms in a patient sample are characterized as those that ________.

Correct Answer
verified

In vivo testing is useful for diagnosing ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which sample is not typically collected by sterile needle aspiration?

Correct Answer
verified

Animals are required for the cultivation of ________.

Correct Answer
verified
A

Antibody testing requires ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which test is especially good for bacteria that are not readily cultivated in the lab?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

A positive serological test for tuberculosis indicates that ________.

Correct Answer
verified

When antibodies or other substances in serum cross-react with the test reagents, a false positive result can occur.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 15: Diagnosing Infections

What type of test will detect whole antigens?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Western blot test is confirmatory for HIV because ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A positive indirect ELISA result requires ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Serological tests should have low sensitivity and specificity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The tuberculin test is an example of an in vitro serological test.

Correct AnswerverifiedFalse

The Weil-Felix test is used for diagnosing salmonellosis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The patient reports that he had a negative HIV PCR test about a month ago. What is the most appropriate interpretation of this information by the nurse?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Biochemical tests include all of the following except ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Soluble antigens are detected in this type of test.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which test is the confirming test for people who initially tested antibody-positive in the screening ELISA test for HIV?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

When minute samples of DNA need to be genetically analyzed for identification purposes, which test can be effectively used?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Immunologic methods of identifying microorganisms in a patient sample are characterized as those that ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In vivo testing is useful for diagnosing ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which sample is not typically collected by sterile needle aspiration?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Animals are required for the cultivation of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Antibody testing requires ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which test is especially good for bacteria that are not readily cultivated in the lab?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A positive serological test for tuberculosis indicates that ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When antibodies or other substances in serum cross-react with the test reagents, a false positive result can occur.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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False

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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B

Correct Answer
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A

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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