Question 1

Place the following in order from skull to brain: 1)  subarachnoid space; 2)  arachnoid mater; 3)  dura mater; 4)  pia mater.

Accepted Answer

A)   Subarachnoid space, arachnoid mater, dura mater, pia mater
B)   Dura mater, arachnoid mater, subarachnoid space, pia mater
C)   Dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater, subarachnoid space
D)   Arachnoid mater, subarachnoid space, dura mater, pia mater
E)   Pia mater, arachnoid mater, subarachnoid space, dura materF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 2

The RN updates the patient's son on the plan of treatment. What is the most appropriate antibiotic to treat this illness?

Accepted Answer

A)   Vanomycin
B)   Cefotaxime
C)   Acyclovir
D)   No antibiotic therapy is indicated.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 3

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is caused by a prion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

A lumbar puncture is performed, which confirms a diagnosis of meningitis. The pathology report indicates that the cerebral spinal fluid sample was found to have gram-positive cocci in pairs and the patient is diagnosed with pneumococcus. What is the causative organism?

Accepted Answer

A)   Streptococcus pneumoniae
B)   Neisseria meningitides
C)   Haemophilus influenzae
D)   Listeria monocytogenesE) B) and C)
F) None of the above A

Question 5

Which of the following is not true of meningoencephalitis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Causative organisms are Naegleria fowleri and Acanthamoeba
B)   Infections of both the brain and meninges
C)   Causative organisms are viruses
D)   Modes of transmission are direct contact and swimming in warm fresh water
E)   Treatment for primary amoebic meningoencephalitis is mostly ineffectiveF) B) and D)
G) D) and E) C

Question 6

Treatment of an animal bite for possible rabies includes ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   debridement
B)   washing bite with soap or detergent
C)   infusing the wound with human rabies immune globulin (HRIG) 
D)   postexposure vaccination with inactive vaccine
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 7

The best defense against arboviruses is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   prophylactic rifampin
B)   vector control
C)   vaccination
D)   prompt treatment with acyclovir
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 8

Which is incorrect about rabies?

Accepted Answer

A)   Is a zoonotic disease
B)   Wild populations of bats, skunks, raccoons, cats, and canines are primary reservoirs
C)   Transmission can involve bites, scratches, and inhalation
D)   Average incubation in human is 1 week
E)   Symptoms include anxiety, agitation, muscle spasms, convulsions, and paralysisF) None of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 9

Agricultural workers and field archaeologists are exposed to this organism, which, although entering via the respiratory tract, can cause meningitis.

Accepted Answer

A)   Haemophilus influenzae
B)   Coccidioides immitis
C)   Cryptococcus neoformans
D)   Streptococcus pneumoniae
E)   Neisseria meningitidisF) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 10

Tetanus differs from botulism in that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   tetanus results in flaccid paralysis while botulism paralysis is rigid
B)   tetanus results from an exotoxin; botulism results from an endotoxin
C)   there is a vaccine for botulism, but not for tetanus
D)   muscles cannot relax in tetanus; muscles cannot contract in botulism
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 11

Which organism is the definitive host for Toxoplasma gondii?3

Accepted Answer

A)   Cat
B)   Dog
C)   Mouse
D)   Mosquito
E)   RaccoonF) A) and D)
G) B) and C) A

Question 12

Spongiform encephalopathies are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   associated with abnormal, transmissible protein in the brain
B)   chronic, fatal infections of the nervous system
C)   caused by prions
D)   Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, kuru, and Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 13

Prions can be destroyed by autoclaving.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

In an effort to limit transmission of the Zika virus, scientists have genetically modified the Aedes mosquito. Evaluate the statements below and determine which describes the most plausible method to minimize disease.

Accepted Answer

A)   Male Aedes mosquitoes are genetically modified to have a "lethality" gene. They are raised in the lab being fed with the antidote tetracycline. Once released into the wild, they mate with females and the offspring, without access to tetracycline, die before reproducing.
B)   Male Aedes mosquitoes are genetically modified to contain a gene that codes for a bacterial toxin. Once released into the wild they die before they are able to mate with females.
C)   Male Aedes mosquitoes are genetically modified to be temperature-sensitive mutants. They are raised in the lab with air-conditioning, but once released into the wild, the heat and humidity in tropical climates causes their enzymes to denature, killing them before they can reproduce.
D)   Male Aedes mosquitoes are genetically modified to produce a protein that mimics the action of DEET in insect repellants. The males mate with females and during the mating they pass the protein to the female and both mosquitoes are killed in the process.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 15

The foodborne disease that involves neurotoxin is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   gastrointestinal anthrax
B)   bacillus cereus intoxication
C)   botulism
D)   clostridium perfringens gastroenteritis
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) All of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 16

The organism responsible for the majority of neonatal meningitis is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   Streptococcus agalactiae
B)   Escherichia coli K1
C)   Listeria monocytogenes
D)   Haemophilus influenzae
E)   Neisseria meningitidisF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

Cryptococcal meningitis is highly communicable among humans.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Subacute encephalitis may be caused by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   Toxoplasma gondii
B)   prions
C)   herpes simplex virus
D)   persistent measles virus
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 19

Which of the following has the highest mortality rate?

Accepted Answer

A)   Western equine encephalitis
B)   St. Louis encephalitis
C)   California encephalitis
D)   Eastern equine encephalitis
E)   West Nile encephalitisF) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

Which of the following is not a prion disease?

Accepted Answer

A)   Scrapie
B)   Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
C)   Bovine spongiform encephalopathy
D)   Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
E)   All of the choices are prion diseases.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Exam 17: Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System

Place the following in order from skull to brain: 1) subarachnoid space; 2) arachnoid mater; 3) dura mater; 4) pia mater.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The RN updates the patient's son on the plan of treatment. What is the most appropriate antibiotic to treat this illness?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is caused by a prion.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A lumbar puncture is performed, which confirms a diagnosis of meningitis. The pathology report indicates that the cerebral spinal fluid sample was found to have gram-positive cocci in pairs and the patient is diagnosed with pneumococcus. What is the causative organism?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Which of the following is not true of meningoencephalitis?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Treatment of an animal bite for possible rabies includes ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The best defense against arboviruses is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is incorrect about rabies?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Agricultural workers and field archaeologists are exposed to this organism, which, although entering via the respiratory tract, can cause meningitis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tetanus differs from botulism in that ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which organism is the definitive host for Toxoplasma gondii?3

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Spongiform encephalopathies are ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Prions can be destroyed by autoclaving.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In an effort to limit transmission of the Zika virus, scientists have genetically modified the Aedes mosquito. Evaluate the statements below and determine which describes the most plausible method to minimize disease.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The foodborne disease that involves neurotoxin is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The organism responsible for the majority of neonatal meningitis is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cryptococcal meningitis is highly communicable among humans.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Subacute encephalitis may be caused by ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following has the highest mortality rate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a prion disease?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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